For most fields, graphics are not a significant factor in your resume; however, they have the potential to enhance or hurt your resume, depending upon the graphics used and your circumstances.
Subtle graphics can add a nice touch. On the other hand, graphics that are incorrectly used may hurt your candidacy. Graphics also may cause problems for scanners; many organizations scan resumes into automated applicant tracking systems and some graphic elements can interfere with the scanning process.
Of course, some occupations, environments, and markets are more receptive to creative graphics than others. When in doubt, err on the conservative side.